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Research and Development(R&D)

Work performed to expand scientific or technical knowledge and apply it to new or improved products, processes, or services — a major category of federal contracting.

Overview

Research and Development (R&D) encompasses activities to create new knowledge or apply existing knowledge in new ways. Federal R&D spending spans basic research, applied research, and development across agencies like DoD, NIH, DOE, DARPA, and NSF. R&D contracts often use cost-reimbursement vehicle types and support innovation programs like SBIR and STTR.

Why It Matters in GovCon

R&D represents tens of billions in annual federal contract spending. R&D solicitations often seek innovative solutions with higher tolerance for technical risk. Understanding Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and proposal requirements for R&D work helps contractors compete. SBIR and STTR provide structured pathways for small businesses into R&D.

Key Details

  • Contract Types: R&D commonly uses CPFF, CPIF, or hybrid vehicles due to uncertain scope.
  • TRLs: Technology Readiness Levels describe maturation from basic research (TRL 1) to operational use (TRL 9).
  • SBIR/STTR: Small business set-aside programs specifically for R&D.
  • Broad Agency Announcements: BAAs are often used for R&D procurements.
  • IP Rights: R&D contracts have specific data rights and patent provisions.

How GovCon Data Can Help

GovCon Data helps you discover R&D opportunities across federal agencies, filter by SBIR/STTR set-asides, and track Technology Readiness Level requirements to match your capabilities.

Related Terms

  • Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
  • Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR)
  • Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF)

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